ADHD in Adults: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

An estimated 2.5 million people in England have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), according to NHS Digital. The National Institute for Care and Excellence (NICE) reports that about 3 per cent to 4 per cent are adults. ADHD in adults presents differently than in children, making diagnosis more complex and delaying identification in some individuals.

Timely diagnosis through accurate assessment is critical to receiving a treatment plan that works for you.

AuDHD Psychiatry follows NICE-aligned diagnostic frameworks, drawing on our clinical expertise and neurodivergent-informed practice. Our approach is rooted in expert ADHD assessment for adults to guide treatment decisions.

What Is ADHD in Adults?

ADHD in adults is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how individuals focus, manage impulses and stay organised. It’s a chronic and debilitating disorder that can disrupt a person’s academic and professional life, interpersonal relationships and day-to-day function. 

There are three types of ADHD:

• Hyperactive-Impulsive – An individual with this type of ADHD has difficulty sitting still. In their restlessness, they tend to interrupt other people, talk a lot or act without thinking.
• Inattentive – Under this ADHD category, an individual has trouble focusing, following tasks or completing them.
• Combination – This type of ADHD combines both the hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive categories.

ADHD Symptoms in Adults

Signs of ADHD in adults vary from one person to another. Symptoms typically involve inability to focus, high energy levels or hyperactivity and impulsiveness.

Some common signs of ADHD in adults include:

• Disorganisation
• Inability to prioritise
• Getting easily distracted
• Making hasty decisions
• Difficulty relaxing or doing quiet activities
• Challenges with following through or completing tasks
• Forgetting appointments
• Misplacing personal items, such as phone, keys or wallet
• Difficulty multitasking
• Talking excessively

Adults with ADHD may also struggle to cope with stress, experience mood swings and deal with a hot temper. Some of these symptoms can look like other conditions, like anxiety and depression or learning disorders, making an accurate diagnosis essential to treatment.

Adult ADHD Diagnosis

ADHD diagnosis is a process. No single ADHD test for adults identifies the neurodevelopmental condition. Licensed mental health professionals, such as clinical psychiatrists or psychologists, and doctors can diagnose ADHD.

A consultation with a psychiatrist or primary care physician can include a thorough medical history. The doctor or psychiatrist will also ask about your symptoms. A physical exam will be done to rule out other health conditions. ADHD assessment for adults will also include psychological tests and the use of ADHD rating scales.

A specialist-led evaluation that combines a clinical interview and validated ADHD rating scales ensures individualised treatment plans.

ADHD Treatment Options for Adults

The goal of ADHD treatment is to improve the symptoms and restore daily functions at home and at work. An individualised treatment plan for adults with ADHD involves the following:

• Behavioural and psychological counselling – counselling for ADHD can mean psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and marital or family therapy. 
• Medication – prescription medication can include stimulants that balance brain chemical levels, nonstimulants and antidepressants as options to stimulants.
• Lifestyle support – lifestyle changes may be necessary to further ease symptoms. These can include eating a balanced diet, limiting daily screen time and meditation.

With professional help, ongoing care and adequate ADHD support, you can thrive with the condition.

ADHD Symptoms in Adults vs Children: How They Differ

Symptoms of ADHD in childhood and adulthood can differ. Adults can learn coping strategies, particularly women with ADHD, making their symptoms less noticeable than in children. As the person grows older, their ADHD symptoms could also change over time. 

Some adults may start with inattentive ADHD and develop hyperactive-impulsive ADHD later on. Other adults could also develop other conditions like anxiety or depression, making misdiagnosis a probability. Some individuals can also have high-functioning ADHD, masking some symptoms. Because most women develop better coping strategies than men, they are also more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD later in life.

Adults with ADHD also have a different experience with their condition. 

Children with ADHD may typically:

• Struggle with patience, waiting for their turn to play games or waiting in line
• Find it difficult to finish a task, from schoolwork to chores at home
• Constantly move around, fidgeting or squirming in their seats

Adults with ADHD may typically:

• Find relationships with family, co-workers and partners difficult
• Struggle with self-esteem issues and their overall mental well-being
• Experience difficulties with substance misuse, particularly alcohol

Frequently Asked Questions on ADHD in Adults

Managing ADHD in Adults: Get Help and Support

ADHD in adults is a chronic and debilitating condition that disrupts daily life. Symptoms can vary from one person to another and will depend on the type of ADHD you may have. For some adults, symptoms can be overlooked and may be mistaken for other conditions. A timely diagnosis that follows prevailing guidelines ensures a treatment plan that works for you.

AuDHD Psychiatry follows NICE-aligned diagnostic frameworks, informing our treatment plans. Get an ADHD assessment for adults, gain clarity and find the support you need to thrive.